Folliculitis decalvans leads to scarring alopecia through inflammatory destruction of the hair follicle. Currently, antibiotics are most commonly used to treat this disease. However, treatment regimens with antibiotics feature a high relapse rate and encourage the development of resistant bacteria.

A retrospective study has compared the efficacy of different treatment regimens in 28 patients with folliculitis decalvans.

The success of treatment with Clindamycin and Rifampicin, Clarithromycin, Dapsone and Isotretinoin was analysed.

The evaluation of the combination of Clindamycin and Rifampicin showed the lowest success rate in achieving long-term remission, since 80% of the patients relapsed shortly after end of treatment.

Clarithromycin and Dapsone were more successful with long-term and stable remission rates of 33% and 43% respectively.

Treatment with Isotretinoin was the most successful oral treatment in our analysis with 90% of the patients experiencing stable remission during and up to two years after cessation of the treatment.

In conclusion, the common use of antibiotics as first-line therapy in folliculitis decalvans needs to be re-evaluated critically and oral Isotretinoin should be considered as valid treatment alternative. ( Xagena )

Tietze JK et al, J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2015; Epub ahead of print

XagenaMedicine2015